#contents
----
In this page, we will explain the simple usage of FuguIta.

FuguIta can be used in various ways by combining boot modes and media. 
See the [[FuguIta Guide>河豚板ガイド]] for such applications. The FuguIta Guide is the comprehensive document written in Japanese. If you can't read Japanese, please consider using auto-translation service such as [[Google Translation>https://translate.google.com]].

*Creating FuguIta Media (when using OpenBSD) [#dbef1e2f]
FuguIta provides ISO images for LiveDVD and raw disk image files for LiveUSB etc. for i386 and amd64 platforms respectively.

Download the apropriate file of FuguIta from the site described in [[FuguIta/Download]].

**Creating LiveDVD [#qd9ded45]
The ISO image file of Fugu Ita is about 950MB in size. Therefore, use DVD media instead of CD media to burn this file.
The ISO image file of FuguIta is about 950MB in size. Therefore, use DVD media instead of CD media to burn this file.

OpenBSD itself does not include software for burning DVDs. So install dvd+rw-tools to burn DVD from packages.
>
-Install DVD writing tool
 # pkg_add dvd+rw-tools
-Download the ISO image of FuguIta from the site described in [[FuguIta/Download]]. In following exampe, MIRROR means the name of appropriate download site which you will download.
 # ftp http://MIRROR.dl.fuguita.org/FuguIta-X.X-ARCH-YYYYMMDDN.iso.gz
Note that the part ''YYYYMMDDN'' must be replaced with the version string of real ISO image.~
and ARCH is one of i386 and amd64.
-After decompression completed, burn that image into DVD-R or DVD-RW.
 # gzip -d FuguIta-X.X-ARCH-YYYYMMDDN.iso.gz
 # dvd-format /dev/rcd0c    (format media, if you will be burn it first)
 # growisofs --dvd-compat -Z /dev/rcd0c=FuguIta-X.X-ARCH-YYYYMMDDN.iso

**Creating LiveUSB [#h1779af1]
To make a LiveUSB version of FuguIta, prepare a USB memory with a size of 2 gigabytes or more, and write the downloaded and expanded IMG format file.
The following is an example of writing using OpenBSD.
>
-Download the image for USB flash drive
 # ftp http://MIRROR.dl.fuguita.org/FuguIta-X.X-ARCH-YYYYMMDDN.img.gz
-Decompressing that image, and write it into USB storage device.
 # gzip -dc FuguIta-X.X-ARCH-YYYYMMDDN.img.gz | dd of=/dev/rsd?c bs=1m
The "/dev/rsd0c" part in the above example is the designation of the write destination device. This depends on the connection status of the peripherals of your PC. If you execute this command, all the data recorded in the specified device will be erased, so be sure to check in advance if the write destination is correct.

Even if you use a USB memory of 2 GB or more, the portion exceeding 2 GB will not be used.
If you want to create a LiveUSB version FuguIta that matches the size of the USB memory, refer to [[Remastering LiveUSB on running FuguIta>#q4366f48]].

**Creating media for Raspberry Pi 3 [#qb7b4a0d]
Files for Raspberry Pi 3 are provided in tar archive format.
For how to create the media, please unpack the archive and refer to the README file included in it.

*Booting FuguIta [#rba5c27f]
After displaying FuguIta's logo, selection of FuguIta's operational device will appear.

Unless you attached multiple FuguIta devices, simply press ENTER key (accepting default value) is OK.
 ============================================
 =     ______               __   _
 =    / ____/              |  |_| |__
 =   / /____  ______  __  _|  /_   _/_____
 =  / ___/ / / / __ \/ / / |  | | | /  _  |
 = / /  / /_/ / /_/ / /_/ /|  | | |_| (_) |__
 =/_/   \____/\__  /\____/ |__| \___/____/__/
 =            __/ /
 =           /___/
 =
 =  Welcome to FuguIta  -  OpenBSD Live System
 =                         http://fuguita.org/
 =============================================
 
 scanning partitions: wd0i wd0j cd0a
 FuguIta's operating device(s): cd0a.
 Which is FuguIta's operating device? [default: cd0a] ->
Next, enter capacity of TMPFS. ~
Unless you have the reason that you wish to fix the size of TMPFS, simply press ENTER key (accepting default value) is OK.
   user memory: 495 MB
 Enter tmpfs size in MB. (0 is auto)
 [default: 0] ->
Select boot mode. ~
At first boot, we recommend mode 0.
 Boot modes:
   0: fresh boot - standard mode as a live system
   1: fresh boot - less memory, faster boot (/usr is non-writable, can't pkg_add)
   2: fresh boot - works using only RAM (about 1GB or more of RAM required)
   3: boot with retrieving saved files from storage device
      or enter passphrase for an encrypted volume
   4: boot with retrieving saved files from floppy disk
   5: interactive shell for debugging
 ->0
Set keyboard layout, then set root password
 Enter keyboard type.
 
 pc-xt/pc-at keyboard:
 us de de.nodead fr fr.dvorak dk dk.nodead it uk jp sv sv.nodead no no.nodead us.declk
 us.dvorak us.colemak us.swapctrlcaps us.iopener uk.swapctrlcaps jp.swapctrlcaps
 fr.swapctrlcaps fr.swapctrlcaps.dvorak be.swapctrlcaps us.swapctrlcaps.dvorak
 us.swapctrlcaps.colemak us.swapctrlcaps.iopener es be ru ua sg sg.nodead sf sf.nodead
 pt lt la br tr tr.nodead pl hu si cf cf.nodead lv nl nl.nodead is is.nodead ee ee.nodead
 keyboard type -> us
 kbd: keyboard mapping set to us
 Changing password for root.
 New password:
 Retype new password:
Network Settings:~
Enter host name (short name, i.e. no domain part). ~
Next, settings for IP protocols and their name resolution order
 host name (without domain) -> fugu-demo
 IP version(s) to use: 4, 6, 46, 64 or n
   46: IPv4 preferred over IPv6 in address resolution
   64: reversed to 46
    n: stand alone operation
 [46]->
 '46' selected as default
Selecting network interface for setting
 ==[ifconfig -a]=========================
 lo0: flags=8008<LOOPBACK,MULTICAST> mtu 32768
         index 3 priority 0 llprio 3
         groups: lo
 em0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
         lladdr 52:54:00:12:34:56
         index 1 priority 0 llprio 3
         media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT full-duplex)
         status: active
 enc0: flags=0<>
         index 2 priority 0 llprio 3
         groups: enc
         status: active
 ========================================
 Available network interface(s): em0
 network interface to setup [em0] ->
Enter domain names after the host name
 FQDN of this host -> fugu-demo.localnet
After this, the following settings will appear only if you have selected a WiFi device as the network interface.
 Wi-Fi SSID -> MY-WIFI-NET
    WPA Key -> MY-WPA-SECURED-KEY
If you enter the WPA key only in ENTER and do not set it, you will be asked for the WEP key. ~
We strongly recommend that you use WPA instead of WEP because WEP is now easily decrypted.

If you press only ENTER for WEP Key prompt, it attempts to connect without any encryption key.
 Wi-Fi SSID -> MY-WIFI-NET
    WPA Key ->
    WEP Key -> MY-WEP-UNSECURED-KEY
Name resolution method ~
When you select "Manual", IP address/Subnetmask/Default gateway will be prompted.
 DNS setup;
   Manual : Enter up to three IPv4/IPv6 addresses, separated by spaces
   DHCP   : Just press ENTER .
   no DNS : Enter "none".
 ->
If you wish to use X Window System, type X.
 Do you login with C)onsole or X) Window System?
 [default: C] ->
             _________________________________________________
            /      Setup for FuguIta ends.         /
           / OpenBSD's boot sequence will follow. /
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Automatic boot in progress: starting file system checks.
 kbd: keyboard mapping set to us
 ... snip ...
 starting local daemons: cron.
 fuguita: disabled KARL because of read-only media
 
 Wed Aug 19 05:28:08 UTC 2020
 
 OpenBSD/amd64 (fugu-demo.localnet) (tty00)
 
 login: 

* Initial settings after first root login [#v9bb789c]
FuguIta will make the minimum settings necessary for the operation of the OS at boot time.
In addition, you should configure the environment for running applications after root login as shown in the example below:

** set clock to time zone [#j2da861e]
To set the OS clock to your timezone, link from /etc/localtime to a zone file under the /usr/share/zoneinfo directory.
 # cd /etc
 # ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo localtime
** doas utility configuration [#u1308a25]
 # echo permit persist :wheel > /etc/doas.conf
** desktop environment setup [#r3782537]
FuguIta provides an utility command dtjsetup that allows you to easily install a desktop environment.
 # dtjsetup
 
 #==========================================
 # Welcome to dtjsetup
 #     Desktop (and Japanese) setup utility
 #
 # for FuguIta-6.7-amd64-202008261
 #==========================================
 
 Which desktop software will you install?
   1:  no desktop (wm only)
   2: [rox-filer]
   3:  xfce
   4:  mate
   5:  lumina
   6:  lxqt
 ->          ← Pressing just ENTER means selecting an item
                enclosed in braces ("rox-filer" in this case).
 Which window manager will you install?
   1:  cwm
   2:  fvwm
   3:  twm
   4: [icewm]
   5:  fluxbox
   6:  jwm
 ->
 
 Will you setup Japanese language environment? [y/N] ->
 
 *** You selected icewm as desktop software.
 *** Installing Japanese environment is NO.
 *** No Japanese input method choosen.
 
 *** Checking your root authorization...
 *** OK.
 
 *** Checking network accessibility...
 *** OK.
 
 *** Installing packages: rox-filer icewm
 Will you continue? [y/N] -> y
 https://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/OpenBSD/6.7/packages-stable/amd64/
 quirks-3.325 signed on 2020-08-11T12:56:29Z
 https://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/OpenBSD/6.7/packages-stable/amd64/quirks-3.325.tgz
    ... snip ...
 https://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/OpenBSD/6.7/packages/amd64/icewm-1.6.4.tgz
 
 *** Rewrite .xsession configuration file.
 Will you continue? [y/N] -> y
 
 Copy this .xsession file to /etc/skel ? [y/N] -> y
 
 *** all installation and configuration completed.
 *** Check your /root/.xsession and login to X if OK.
 
 *** Note: You can save this configuration and addtionally installed softwares
 ***	  by using usbfadm utility.
 ***	  And can reload them at next boot time by selecting boot mode 3.
 #
** adding an ordinary user [#l2341e46]
To create an ordinary user, use adduser utility as follows:
 # adduser
 Couldn't find /etc/adduser.conf: creating a new adduser configuration file
 Reading /etc/shells
 Enter your default shell: csh ksh nologin sh [ksh]:
 Your default shell is: ksh -> /bin/ksh
 Default login class: authpf bgpd daemon default pbuild staff unbound
 [default]:
 Enter your default HOME partition: [/home]:
 Copy dotfiles from: /etc/skel no [/etc/skel]:
 Send welcome message?: /path/file default no [no]:
 Do not send message(s)
 Prompt for passwords by default (y/n) [y]:
 Default encryption method for passwords: auto blowfish [auto]:
 Use option ``-silent'' if you don't want to see all warnings and questions.
 
 Reading /etc/shells
 Check /etc/master.passwd
 Check /etc/group
 
 Ok, let's go.
 Don't worry about mistakes. There will be a chance later to correct any input.
 Enter username []: yoshi
 Enter full name []: Yoshihiro Kawamata
 Enter shell csh ksh nologin sh [ksh]:
 Uid [1000]:
 Login group yoshi [yoshi]:
 Login group is ``yoshi''. Invite yoshi into other groups: guest no
 [no]: wheel               ← add wheel group to enable system administration from yoshi user
 Login class authpf bgpd daemon default pbuild staff unbound
 [default]:
 Enter password []:
 Enter password again []:
 
 Name:	     yoshi
 Password:    ****
 Fullname:    Yoshihiro Kawamata
 Uid:	     1000
 Gid:	     1000 (yoshi)
 Groups:	     yoshi wheel
 Login Class: default
 HOME:	     /home/yoshi
 Shell:	     /bin/ksh
 OK? (y/n) [y]: y
 Added user ``yoshi''
 Copy files from /etc/skel to /home/yoshi
 Add another user? (y/n) [y]: n
 Goodbye!
 #
Next, login as an ordnary user "yoshi " to check such account enabled
 # exit
 
 OpenBSD/amd64 (fugu-demo.local) (tty00)
 
 login: yoshi
 Password:
 OpenBSD 6.7-stable (RDROOT.MP) #5: Wed Jul 22 12:57:54 JST 2020
 
 Welcome to OpenBSD: The proactively secure Unix-like operating system.
 
 Please use the sendbug(1) utility to report bugs in the system.
 Before reporting a bug, please try to reproduce it with the latest
 version of the code.  With bug reports, please try to ensure that
 enough information to reproduce the problem is enclosed, and if a
 known fix for it exists, include that as well.
 
 fugu-demo$ pwd
 /ram/home/yoshi
 fugu-demo$ exit

* Save modified files to FuguIta LiveUSB [#uea040b9]
(T.B.D)
All the settings you have made up to this point exist on the file system in memory, so if you shut down this way all of them will be lost.

FuguIta can save the settings you have made and the data files you have created in the LiveUSB partition and load them back on next boot.

A utility called usbfadm is used to save settings and data.
 # usbfadm
 
 Welcome to usbfadm.
 USB flash drive administration tool for FuguIta
 
   Version/Arch: 6.7/amd64  (FuguIta-6.7-amd64-202008261)
      Boot mode: manual
 Data stored in: not set
  Data Saved as: not set
 
 Type ? for help.
 
 ? : ? ->target            ← Use "target" to specify the partition to save to
 
 Searching storage device
 Please make sure the device inserted.
 Then press ENTER ->
 sd0a +sd0d                ← the partition for saving data is marked as '+'
 target device->sd0d
 
 sd0d : ? ->saveas         ← Use "saveas" to name the set of saved data
 Name of saved data->fugu-demo
 
 Your data will be saved as ``fugu-demo''.
 
 sd0d : fugu-demo ->sync   ← "sync" saves data actually
 
 Sync current tmpfs as ``fugu-demo'' , OK? [y/N] -> y
 
 copying /ram to /mnt/livecd-config/6.7/amd64/fugu-demo (30720KB approx.):
 pax: ./tmp/sndio/sock0 skipped. Sockets cannot be copied or extracted
 pax: ./var/run/ntpd.sock skipped. Sockets cannot be copied or extracted
 pax: ./var/run/smtpd.sock skipped. Sockets cannot be copied or extracted
 pax: ./var/run/cron.sock skipped. Sockets cannot be copied or extracted
 25.0MiB 0:00:02 [10.6MiB/s] [===========================>      ] 83% ETA 0:00:00
 waiting for pax to finish ... syncing ... done.
 
 sd0d : fugu-demo ->info   ← confirm the status of the target disk partition
 
 Filesystem     Size    Used   Avail Capacity iused   ifree  %iused  Mounted on
 /dev/sd0d      961M   22.8M    939M	2%   20423 1116663     2%   /mnt
 
 scanning...
 
 22.8M	6.7/amd64/fugu-demo
 
 sd0d : fugu-demo ->quit
 
 Bye bye...
 #
Since the second and subsequent syncs perform differential transfer using rsync, it will finish in a shorter time than the first sync.

To restore the data saved by usbfadm at startup, specify startup mode 3.
 Boot modes:
   0: fresh boot - standard mode as a live system
   1: fresh boot - less memory, faster boot (/usr is non-writable, can't pkg_add)
   2: fresh boot - works using only RAM (about 1GB or more of RAM required)
   3: boot with retrieving saved files from storage device
      or enter passphrase for an encrypted volume
   4: boot with retrieving saved files from floppy disk
   5: interactive shell for debugging
 ->3
 scanning partitions: sd0a sd0d sd0i cd0a
 Device(s) found:
   loadable from: sd0d
 Which is FuguIta's storage device? [default: sd0d] ->
 /dev/sd0d : available data;
 
 fugu-demo
 
 config name -> fugu-demo
 Copying files from flash to ram ...
    ... snip ...
 starting local daemons: cron.
 fuguita: disabled KARL because of read-only media
 
 Thu Sep	 3 15:13:36 JST 2020
 
 OpenBSD/amd64 (fugu-demo.localnet) (tty00)
 
 login:
Even if you are using FuguIta Live DVD, it is possible to save the data and load them at the next boot if LiveUSB is also attached.

* Remastering LiveUSB on running FuguIta [#q4366f48]
As mentioned earlier, the FuguIta raw disk image we distribute only uses 2GB of space regardless the size of target media.

To create a FuguIta with a partition that fits your USB memory, use a utility called usbfadm on the running FuguIta.
>
-First, create FuguIta LiveDVD or LiveUSB from download file, then run it.
-Login as root, then execute ''newdrive'' subcommand on the USB management tool ''usbfadm''.
 # usbfadm
 
 Welcome to usbfadm.
 USB flash drive administration tool for FuguIta
 
   Version/Arch: 6.7/amd64  (FuguIta-6.7-amd64-202008111)
      Boot mode: manual
 Data stored in: not set
  Data Saved as: not set
 
 Type ? for help.
 
 ? : ? ->newdrive
Scanning USB devices after pressing ENTER.
 Please make sure the device inserted.
 Then press ENTER ->
Enter the device name of USB flash drive. ~
Contents of system log entries are displayed for your information;
 ==== disk(s) and vnode devices ============================
 sd0 at scsibus1 targ 0 lun 0: <VirtIO, Block Device, >
 sd0: 1024MB, 512 bytes/sector, 2097152 sectors
 sd1 at scsibus2 targ 0 lun 0: <VirtIO, Block Device, >
 sd1: 4096MB, 512 bytes/sector, 8388608 sectors
 vnd0: not in use
 vnd1: not in use
 vnd2: not in use
 vnd3: not in use
 vnd4: not in use
 vnd5: covering /sysmedia/fuguita-6.7-amd64.ffsimg on cd0a, inode 48172
Select the disk you will install FuguIta to
 Enter the name of device which FuguIta will be installed->sd1
There are several ways of boot. Choose one. ~
"Hybrid" enables boot with either Legacy BIOS or UEFI, but it's very difficult to change fdisk/GPT partition later.
 Select boot method:
   1: [Legacy BIOS]
   2:  UEFI
   3:  none (only for save data)
   4:  Hybrid
 ->1
Entering partition sizes. ~
If you answer "Y" for data encryption, input for passphrase will be prompted.
 Enter sizes for swap, user data and extra FAT.
   You can add suffix K, M, G or T (otherwise considered 'bytes').
   '*' implies 'all'
   '0' doesn't make this partition.
 
If you input any size of swap greater than 0, the maximum size of tmpfs can be expanded.
 3GB (3149MB) (6451136sectors) free
 swap->0
 
 3GB (3149MB) (6451136sectors) free
 user data->2560m
 
 user data encryption? [y/N] ->
 
 Create an extra FAT partition? [y/n] -> y
 
 target disk: sd1
   partition type=MBR
        boot type=Legacy
 -------------------- : ------
            partition :   size
 -------------------- : ------
           whole disk :    4GB
     partition tables :   32KB
          UEFI system :     0B
       FuguIta system : 9 46MB
         FuguIta swap :     0B
    FuguIta user data :    2GB
            MSDOS FAT :  589MB
 -------------------- : ------
 
 ***THIS IS THE LAST CHANCE***
 If you type 'Y' now, all the data on sd1 will be lost.
 Are you sure to modify disk sd1? [y/N] -> y
 
 ========================================
 = Clearing MBR, GPT and BSD disklabel
 =
 1+0 records in
 1+0 records out
 1048576 bytes transferred in 0.040 secs (25613268 bytes/sec)
 
 ...snip...
 
 /dev/rsd1d: 2560.0MB in 5242880 sectors of 512 bytes
 13 cylinder groups of 202.47MB, 12958 blocks, 25984 inodes each
 super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:
  32, 414688, 829344, 1244000, 1658656, 2073312, 2487968, 2902624, 3317280,
  3731936, 4146592, 4561248, 4975904,
 ** /dev/rsd1d
 ** File system is already clean
 ** Last Mounted on /mnt
 ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
 ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
 ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
 ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
 ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
 3 files, 3 used, 1289388 free (20 frags, 161171 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)
 
 ? : ? ->quit
 
 Bye bye...
 #
You can create a raw disk image file of FuguIta by specifying an unused vnd device.
If you specify an unused vnd device when executing newdrive, a FuguIta LiveUSB image file will be created in the current directory.
----
#topicpath


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